Forward-modelling Milky Way Cepheids: selection effects and physical priors in the Gaia-HST calibration

This paper develops a comprehensive forward-modelling framework to account for selection effects and physical priors in the Gaia-HST calibration of Milky Way Cepheids, which are crucial for measuring the Hubble constant. By simulating realistic Cepheid populations and incorporating observational biases, the study demonstrates that careful forward-modelling is essential for unbiased H_0 measurements and reducing the current Hubble tension.